Mount Lu or Lushan is a mountain situated in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province. Mao Zedong convened three large conferences of senior party officials at Mount Lu, in 1959, 1961, and 1970. The 1959 conference became known as the Lushan Conference; Li Rui (1917-2019), Mao's former private secretary, recorded it in his Lushan huiyi shilu, (庐山会议实录, Records of the Lushan Conference, Beijing: Chunqiu chubanshe; Changsha: Hunan jiaoyu chubanshe, 1989). The meeting saw the purge of Peng Dehuai, who was critical of Mao's Great Leap Forward policies. The 1970 Lushan Conference took place during the Cultural Revolution, and marked the increasing antagonism between those loyal to Mao and those loyal to his chosen successor Lin Biao.
